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glc24064 technical manual revision: 3.1
contents contents ii 1 getting started 1 1.1 display options available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.3 features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.4 connecting to a pc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.5 installing the software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.5.1 mogd# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2 hardware information 5 2.1 db-9 connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.1.1 power through db-9 jumper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.2 power/data connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.2.1 legacy data connector jumpers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.3 protocol select jumpers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.4 general purpose output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.5 manual override . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.6 file system lock jumper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3 troubleshooting 10 3.1 the display does not turn on when power is applied. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.2 the display module is not communicating. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.3 the display module is communicating, however text canno t be displayed. . . . . . . . . . . 11 3.4 there is a problem uploading fonts or bitmaps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4 communications 11 4.1 introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4.1.1 i 2 c communication summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 4.1.2 i 2 c transaction example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 4.1.3 serial communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 4.2 turn flow control on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 4.3 turn flow control off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 4.4 changing the i 2 c slave address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 4.5 changing the baud rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.6 setting a non-standard baud rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 5 fonts 17 5.1 introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 5.1.1 font file format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 5.1.2 creating a font . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 5.2 uploading a font file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 5.3 setting the current font . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 5.4 font metrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 matrix orbital glc24064 ii
5.5 set box space mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 6 text 22 6.1 introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 6.1.1 character set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 6.1.2 control characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 6.2 move cursor home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 6.3 setting the cursor position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 6.4 setting the cursor coordinate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 6.5 auto scroll on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 6.6 auto scroll off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 7 bitmaps 24 7.1 introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 7.2 uploading a bitmap file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 7.3 drawing a bitmap from memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 7.4 drawing a bitmap directly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 8 bar graphs and drawing 26 8.1 introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 8.2 set drawing color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 8.3 draw pixel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 8.4 drawing a line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 8.5 continue a line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 8.6 draw a rectangle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 8.7 drawing a solid rectangle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 8.8 initializing a bar graph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 8.9 drawing a bar graph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 8.10 initializing a strip chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 8.11 shifting a strip chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 9 general purpose output 32 9.1 introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 9.2 general purpose output off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 9.3 general purpose output on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 9.4 set startup gpo state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 10 display functions 33 10.1 introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 10.2 clear screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 10.3 display on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 10.4 display off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 10.5 set brightness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 10.6 set and save brightness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 10.7 set contrast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 10.8 set and save contrast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 matrix orbital glc24064 iii
11 filesystem 36 11.1 introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 11.1.1 file upload protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 11.1.2 xmodem upload protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 11.2 wipe filesystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 11.3 deleting a file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 11.4 get filesystem space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 11.5 get filesystem directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 11.6 filesystem upload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 11.7 downloading a file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 11.8 moving a file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 12 data security 42 12.1 introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 12.2 set remember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 12.3 data lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 12.4 set and save data lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 12.5 dump the filesystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 12.6 write customer data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 12.7 read customer data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 13 miscellaneous 46 13.1 introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 13.2 read version number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 13.3 read module type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 14 command summary 48 14.1 communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 14.2 fonts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 14.3 text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 14.4 bitmaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 14.5 bar graphs and drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 14.6 general purpose output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 14.7 display functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 14.8 filesystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 14.9 data security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 14.10miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 14.11command by number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 15 appendix 54 15.1 speci?cations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 15.1.1 environmental . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 15.1.2 electrical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 15.2 optical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 15.3 physical layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 15.4 ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 15.5 de?nitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 matrix orbital glc24064 iv
15.6 contacting matrix orbital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 15.7 revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 matrix orbital glc24064 v
1 getting started figure 1: glc24064-wb the glc24064 is an intelligent graphic lcd display designed to decrease development time by pro- viding an instant solution to any project. with the ability t o communicate via serial rs-232/ttl and i 2 c protocols, the versitle glc24064 can be used with virtually any controller. the ease of use is further en- hanced by an intuitive command structure to allow display se ttings such as backlighting, contrast and baud rate to be software controlled. additionally, text and font s may be uploaded to the display and stored in the onboard memory. 1.1 display options available the glc24064 comes in a variety of colors including the stand ard yellow/green, the popular blue/white and the crisp white/grey. extended voltage, and temperatur e options are also available, to allow you to select the display which will best ?t your project needs. figure 2: glc24064 options 1.2 accessories note matrix orbital provides all the interface accessories need ed to get your display up and running. you will ?nd these accessories and others on o ur e-commerce website at http://www.matrixorbital.com. to contact a sales associa te see section 15.6 on page 57 for contact information. matrix orbital glc24064 1
figure 3: 5v power cable adapter figure 4: 12v power cable adapter (v/vpt models) figure 5: breadboard cable figure 6: serial cable 4ft figure 7: communication and 5v power cable 1.3 features ? 240 x 64 pixel graphics display matrix orbital glc24064 2
? selectable communication protocol, serial at rs-232 or ttl levels or i 2 c ? 5v - 20ma general purpose output ? 16 kb ?ash memory for fonts and bitmaps ? lightning fast communication speeds, up to 115 kbps for rs-2 32 and 100 kbps for i 2 c ? adjustable contrast and backlight brightness ? extended temperature available for extreme environments o f -20c to 70c ? extended voltage and ef?cient power supply available 1.4 connecting to a pc the glc24064 connects seamlessly to a pc and it is an excellen t means of testing the functionality and uploading new fonts and bitmaps. you will require a standard rs-232 9-pin serial cable such as the one pictured in ?gure 6 on the previous page , as well as a modi?ed 5v power adapter such as the one pictured in ?gure 3 on the preceding page . in order to connect your display to a personal computer follo w these easy instructions: 1. plug the serial cable into the com port you wish to use. 2. connect the modi?ed 5v power adapter to a power lead from yo ur pc power supply (you will have to open your computer case). 3. connect the serial cable to the db-9 connector on the back o f the display. 4. connect the 5v power adapter to the 4-pin connector on the b ack of the display. warning do not use the standard ?oppy drive power connector, as this will not provide you with the correct voltage and will damage the display module. figure 8: pc vs matrix orbital display module wiring matrix orbital glc24064 3
1.5 installing the software 1.5.1 mogd# mogd# is the latest updated version of mogd and can be used to m anage font and graphics downloads as well as exercise all of the features of our graphical displ ays. mogd# provides a new user friendly interface as well as many feature enhancements. to install mogd# from the matrix orbital cd, follow the follo wing steps: 1. insert the matrix orbital cd-rom into the cd drive 2. locate the ?le mogdsharp.zip , which should be in the cd-drive:\download directory 3. unzip mogdsharp.zip to a temporary directory using a program such as winzip, pkzi p, etc. 4. double click on "setup.exe" 5. follow the instructions on the screen to complete the inst allation 6. mogd# requires the .net framework 2.0 and will download an d install it automatically after the installation is complete there will be a matrix orb ital entry under start->programs->matrix or- bital in the start menu. click on the 'mogd sharp' entry to ru n the program. be sure to check the information selected in the con?guratio n panel the ?rst time mogd# is run. once this information is entered correctly the program can be use d to control all functions of the graphic display. port the serial port the display is plugged in to. speed the communication speed the display module is set to. (default 19,200) display type the type of display. (glc24064) pcb revision the revision of the display you are using. (found on the back of the pcb) figure 9: mogd sharp settings matrix orbital glc24064 4
notes ? mogd# may also be downloaded from matrix orbital's support s ite at http://www.matrixorbital.ca/software/software_graph ic/mogdsharp ? winzip is available as a free download from http://www.winz ip.com 2 hardware information refer to the following diagram for this chapter: 1 db-9 connector 5 power / data connector 2 power through db9 jumper 6 legacy connector jumper 3 gpo 7 protocol select jumpers 4 manual override 8 file system lock jumper figure 10: glc24064 2.1 db-9 connector the glc24064 provides a db-9 connector to readily interface with serial devices which use the eia23 2 standard signal levels of 12v to 12v. it is also possible to communicate at ttl levels of 0 to +5 v by setting the protocol select jumpers to ttl. as an added feature it is also possible to apply power t hrough pin 9 of the db-9 connector in order to reduce cable clutter. however, in order to accomp lish this you must set the power through db-9 jumper . matrix orbital glc24064 5
pin 2 rx \ scl (i 2 c clock) pin 3 tx \ sda (i 2 c data) pin 5 gnd pin 9 pwr (must solder power through db- 9 jumper. see table ?? on page ?? for power requirements.) figure 11: rs-232 pin out 2.1.1 power through db-9 jumper in order to provide power through pin 9 of the db-9 connector you must place a solder jumper on the power through db-9 jumper pictured in ?gure 12 below. the glc24064 allows all voltage models to use the power through db-9 option, see table ?? on page ?? for display module voltage requirements. figure 12: power through db-9 jumper warning do not apply voltage through pin 9 of the db-9 connector and through the power/data connector at the same time. 2.2 power/data connector the power/data connector provides a standard connector for powering the display modu le. the glc24064 requires ?ve volts for the standard display module, between nine to ?fteen for the wide voltage (v) and be- tween nine to thirty-?ve volts for the wide voltage with ef?c ient power supply module (vpt). the voltage is applied through pins one and four of the four pin power/data connector . pins two and three are reserved for serial transmission, using either the rs-232/ttl or the i 2 c protocol, depending on what has been selected by the protocol select jumpers . pins two and three may be reversed by changing the legacy connector jumpers in order to be compatible with previous pcb revisions. matrix orbital glc24064 6
pin 1 pwr (see table ?? on page ??) pin 2 rx \ scl (i 2 c clock) pin 3 tx \ sda (i 2 c data) pin 4 gnd figure 13: power connector and pin out warnings ? do not apply any power with reversed polarization. ? do not apply any voltage other than the speci?ed voltage. 2.2.1 legacy data connector jumpers to reverse pins two and three of the power/data connector remove the zero ohm resistors from the legacy data connector jumpers , labeled with the = symbol and place them on the jumpers labeled with the x symbol. this will allow you to transmit on pin two, and receiv e data on pin three instead of the default of receiving on pin two and transmitting on pin three of the power/data connector . power/data connector = [ pin 2 rx \ scl (i 2 c clock) pin 3 tx \ sda (i 2 c data) x [ pin 2 tx \ sda (i 2 c data) pin 3 rx \ scl (i 2 c clock) figure 14: legacy data connector jumpers 2.3 protocol select jumpers the protocol select jumpers , pictured below in ?gure 15 , provide the means necessary to toggle the display module between rs-232, ttl and i 2 c protocols. as a default, the jumpers are set to rs-232 mode with zero ohm resistors on the 232 jumpers. in order to place t he display module in i 2 c mode you must ?rst remove the zero ohm resistors from the 232 jumpers and th en solder the resistors on to the i2c jumpers. matrix orbital glc24064 7
the display will now be in i 2 c mode and have a default slave address of 0x50 unless it has be en changed. similarly, in order to change the display to ttl mode, simply remove the zero ohm resistors from the 232 or i 2 c jumpers and solder them to the ttl jumpers. figure 15: protocol select jumpers 2.4 general purpose output a unique feature of the glc24064 is the ability to control rel ays and other external devices using a general purpose output (3) , which can provide up to 20 ma of current and +5vdc from the pos itive side of the gpo. this is limited by a 240 ohm resistor which is located directly above the positive pin as pictured below in ?gure 16 . if the device, which is being driven by a gpo, requires a rela tively high current (such as a relay) and has an internal resistance of its own greater tha n 250 ohms, then the 240 ohm resistor may be removed and replaced with a jumper. pin 1 - gnd pin 2 + max: 20 ma, +5vdc figure 16: general purpose output warning if connecting a relay, be sure that it is fully clamped using a diode and capacitor in order to absorb any electro-motive f orce (emf) which will be generated. matrix orbital glc24064 8
2.5 manual override the manual override is provided to allow the glc24064 to be reset to factory defau lts. this can be particularly helpful if the display module has been set to an unknown baud rate or i 2 c slave address and you are no longer able to communicate with it. if you wish to re turn the module to its default settings you must: 1. power off the display module. 2. place a jumper on the manual override pins. 3. power up the display module. 4. the display module is now set to its default values listed b elow in table 1 . 5. edit and save settings. figure 17: manual override jumper table 1: default values contrast 128 backlight 255 baud rate 19.2 kbps i 2 c slave address 0x50 data lock false rs232autotransmitdata true note the display module will revert back to the old settings once t urned off, unless the settings are saved. 2.6 file system lock jumper the file system lock jumper allows you to lock the ?le system on the glc24064 so that no fon ts or bitmaps can be either written or deleted from the on board mem ory. this feature is useful in order to protect data integrity of production units, if protection of other s ettings is required see chapter 12 data security . matrix orbital glc24064 9
to lock the ?le system, solder a zero ohm resistor or use a sold er jumper on the filesystem lock jumper pictured in ?gure 18 below. figure 18: file system lock jumper 3 troubleshooting 3.1 the display does not turn on when power is applied. ? first, you will want to make sure that you are using the correc t power connector. standard ?oppy drive power cables from your pc power supply may ?t on the powe r/data connector however they do not have the correct pin out as can be seen in ?gure 8 on page 3 . matrix orbital supplies power cable adapters for connecting to a pc, which can be found in the accessories section on page 1 . ? the next step is to check the power cable which you are using fo r continuity. if you don't have an ohm meter, try using a different power cable, if this does not help try using a different power supply. ? the last step will be to check the power / data connector on the glc24064. if the power / data connector has become loose, or you are unable to resolve the issue, plea se contact matrix orbital see 15.6 on page 57 for contact information. 3.2 the display module is not communicating. ? first, check the communication cable for continuity. if you don't have an ohm meter, try using a different communication cable. if you are using a pc try usin g a different com port. ? second, please ensure that the display module is set to commu nicate on the protocol that you are using, by checking the protocol select jumpers. to change the protocol used by the display module see section 2.3 on page 7 . ? third, ensure that the host system and display module are bot h communicating on the same baud rate. the default baud rate for the display module is 19200 bps. ? if you are communicating to the display via i 2 c please ensure that the data is being sent to the correct address. the default slave address for the display module is 0x50. note i 2 c communication will always require pull up resistors. matrix orbital glc24064 10
? finally, you may reset the display to it's default settings u sing the manual override jumper , see section 2.5 on page 9 . 3.3 the display module is communicating, however text canno t be displayed. ? the cause of this is often that no font has been loaded onto the display. to load a font onto the display see section 4.2.1 on page 16. ? another common cause may be that the contrast settings have b een set to low. the solution to this problem is to adjust the contrast settings, the default sett ing that will work in most environments is 128. note optimal contrast settings may vary according to factors suc h as temperature, view- ing angle and lighting conditions. 3.4 there is a problem uploading fonts or bitmaps. ? first, ensure that you can communicate to the display. a good test is to use a pc, with mogd# installed, to connect to the display. see section 1.4 on page 3 for setting up a pc to test the glc24064. ? second, unsure that the file system lock jumper has not been set. see section 2.6 on page 9 . ? third, please ensure that the display module's memory is not full. the glc24064 has 16 kb of memory for fonts and bitmaps. note if you are unable to resolve any issue please contact matrix o rbital. see 15.6 on page 57 for contact information. 4 communications 4.1 introduction the commands listed in this chapter describe how to con?gure data ?ow on the . 4.1.1 i 2 c communication summary the is capable of communicating at 100 khz in i 2 c mode, with 127 units addressable on a single i 2 c communication line. however, in order to communicate via i 2 c you must ?rst ensure that pull up resistors, with a nominal value of 1k to 10k, are placed on the scl and sda c ommunication lines coming from pins two and three of the data / power connector respectively. dat a responses by the module are automatically output via rs232, in case the host will be querying the module , it is necessary for the host to inform the module that its responses are to be output via i 2 c. this can be done by sending command 254 /160 / 0 to matrix orbital glc24064 11
turn off auto transmission of data in rs232. this will keep th e data in the buffer until the master clocks a read of the slave. the i 2 c data lines operate at 5v normally or 3.3v for -1u style units . the uses 8-bit addressing, with the 8th or least signi?cant bit (lsb) bit de signated as the read/write bit, a 0 designates a write address and a 1 designates a read address. the default read address of the display module will be 0x51, whereas the write address is 0x50 by default. this addr ess may be changed by using cmd 254 / 51 /

. the should only be sent addresses that are even (l sb is 0). when the i 2 c master wishes to write to the display, the effective address is $50 (0101 0000) , sin ce the lsb has to be 0 for an i 2 c master write. when the i 2 c master wishes to read the , the effective address is $51 (010 1 0001), since the lsb has to be 1 for an i 2 c master read. if we take a standard phillips 7 bit address of $45 (100 0101), matrix orbital's would describe this phillips i 2 c address as $8a (1000 1010). the read address would be $8b (10 00 1011). the unit does not respond to general call address ($00). when communicating in i 2 c the will send an ack on the 9th clock cycle when addressed. wh en writing to the display module, the display will respond with a ack whe n the write has successfully been completed. however if the buffer has been ?lled, or the module is too busy processing data it will respond with a nak. when performing a multiple byte read within one i 2 c transaction, each byte read from the slave should be followed by an ack to indicate that the master still needs dat a, and a nak to indicate that the transmission is over. the has some speed limitations, especially when run in i 2 c mode. here are some considerations when writing i 2 c code: * to be able to read the replies of query commands (eg. cmds 54, 55) the following command must be sent (only needs to be sent once, so this can be done somewhere in init): 254 / 160 / 0 this command puts the reply data in the i 2 c output buffer instead of the rs232 output buffer. please no te that due to a 16 byte output buffer, query commands that reply with more than 16 by tes cannot be read (eg cmd get filesystem directory) * 3ms delay between the read commands * 625us delay in between data bytes within a transaction is ne cessary * 375us between transactions is necessary note these delays are consrevative, and may be decreased based on performance 4.1.2 i 2 c transaction example the typical i 2 c transaction contains four parts: the start sequence, addr essing, information, and stop sequence. to begin a transaction the data line, sda, must tog gle from high to low while the clock line, scl, is high. next, the display must be addressed using a one byte h exadecimal value, the default to write to the unit is 0x50, while read is 0x51. then information can be sent to the unit; even when reading, a command must ?rst be sent to let the unit know what type of information it is required to return. after each bit is sent, the display will issue an ack or nack as described above. fina lly, when communication is complete, the transaction is ended by toggling the data line from low to hig h while the clock line is high. an example of the use of this algorithm to write a simple hello message ca n be seen in 2. matrix orbital glc24064 12
table 2: i 2 c transaction algorithm start toggle sda high to low address 0x50 information 0x48 0x45 0x4c 0x4c 0x4f stop toggle sda low to high 4.1.3 serial communication in addition to being able to communicate via i 2 c the communicates natively through the rs-232 proto- col at at a default baud rate of 19,200 bps and is capable of sta ndard baud rates from 9600 to 115,200 bps. furthermore the is also capable of reproducing any non-stan dard baud rate in between using values entered into our baud rate generation algorithm and set through comm and 164 (0xa4). the display module com- municates at standard voltage levels of -30v to +30v or at ttl levels of 0 to +5v by setting the protocol select jumpers to ttl. 4.2 turn flow control on syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x3a [full] [empty] decimal 254 58 [full] [empty] ascii 254 : [full] [empty] parameters parameter length description full 1 bytes remaining before issuing a almost full message. (full is 0) empty 1 bytes available before issuing a almost empty message. (empty is 128) matrix orbital glc24064 13
description this command enables ?ow control. when the buff er ?lls so that only [full] bytes are available, the display will return an almo st full message (0xfe) to the host controller. when the buffer empti es so that only [empty] bytes remain, the display will return an almos t empty message (0xff) to the host controller. the display will return the almost full message for every b yte sent to the display until the used buffer space once more drops below the [full] level. whether the user is in `?ow control mode' or not, the mo dule will ignore display or command bytes which would overrun the buff er. while in `?ow control mode' the unit will return 0xfe when buf fer is almost full even though it may have already thrown rejected d ata away. the buffer size for the display is 128 bytes. when using this command in an application, selection of the v alue for the buffer [full] should be considered very carefully. this is a critical aspect to be able to use this feature to it's full potential. w hen using a host system or pc which contains a fifo, the user should set th e value of [full] equal to or greater than the size of the fifo. the rea son for this is that the fifo may be full when the host system receives 0xfe . in the case of 16550 uart the size at its maximum is 16, therefore the value of [full] should be set to 16 or greater. it is suggested that t he almost full parameter be equal to the largest chunk of data the host will be sending the display (should be less than 127). note this command is not available in i 2 c mode. remembered yes default off 4.3 turn flow control off syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x3b decimal 254 59 ascii 254 ; description this command turns off ?ow control. bytes may ov er?ow the buffer without warning. note this command is not available in i 2 c mode. remembered yes 4.4 changing the i 2 c slave address matrix orbital glc24064 14
syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x33 [adr] decimal 254 51 [adr] ascii 254 3 [adr] parameters parameter length description adr 1 the new i 2 c write address (0x00 - 0xff). description this command sets the i 2 c write address of the module between 0x00 and 0xff. the i 2 c write address must be an even number and the read address is automatically set to one higher. for example if th e i 2 c write address is set to 0x50, then the read address is 0x51. note the change in address is immediate. remembered always default 0x50 4.5 changing the baud rate syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x39 [speed] decimal 254 57 [speed] ascii 254 9 [speed] parameters parameter length description speed 1 hex value corresponding to a baud rate. matrix orbital glc24064 15
description this command sets the rs-232 port to the speci?e d [speed]. the change takes place immediately. [speed] is a single byte specifyin g the desired port speed. valid speeds are shown in the table below. the dis play module can be manually reset to 19,200 baud in the event of an e rror during transmission, including transmitting a value not li sted below, by setting the manual override jumper during power up. however , it should be noted that this command will be ignored until the manual ov erride jumper is removed again. hex value baud rate 0xcf 9600 0x8a 14400 0x67 19200 0x44 28800 0x33 38400 0x22 57600 0x19 76800 0x10 115200 note this command is not available in i 2 c mode. remembered always default 19,200 bps 4.6 setting a non-standard baud rate syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0xa4 [speed] decimal 254 164 [speed] parameters parameter length description speed 2 inputed lsb msb from baud rate formula (12-2047). description this command sets the rs-232 port to a non-stand ard baud rate. the command accepts a two byte parameter that goes directly into the modules baud generator. use the formula, speed = crystalspeed 8 desiredbaud ? 1 to calculate the [speed] for any baud rate setting. the speed ca n be anywhere from 12 to 2047 which corresponds to a baud range of 9 77 to 153,800 baud. setting the baud rate out of this range could ca use the display to stop working properly and require the manual over ride jumper to be set. remembered always matrix orbital glc24064 16
examples crystal speed 16 mhz desired baud 13,500 speed = crystalspeed 8 ? desiredbaud ? 1 speed = 148 . 15 ? 1 speed = 16 , 000 , 000 8 ? 13 , 500 ? 1 speed = 147 . 15 ? lsb = 0x93 (rounded) ? msb = 0x00 ? intended baud rate: 13,500 baud actual baud rate: 16 , 000 , 000 8 ( 147 + 1 ) = 13,514 percent difference: 0.1% notes ? results from the formula are rounded down to the nearest whol e number (i.e 73.07 = 73). ? this formula becomes less acurate as baud rates increase, du e to rounding. ? place the speed result backwards into the formula to receive the actual baud rate. ( baud = crystalspeed 8 ( speed + 1 ) ) ? the actual baud rate must be within 3% of the intended baud rat e for the device to communicate. notes ? this command is not available in i 2 c mode. 5 fonts 5.1 introduction the comes loaded with the 'small filled' and 'futura bk bt 16' fonts by default. however, it is capable of displaying any font that is uploaded to it in the correct fo rmat. mogd# provides a simple method of generating font ?les from your installed fonts. for instruc tions on how to install mogd# see section 1.5.1 on page 4 . matrix orbital glc24064 17
5.1.1 font file format a font ?le consists of three parts, a header, a character tabl e and bitmap data. 1. header (4 bytes) (a) nominal width (1 byte) (b) height (1 byte) (c) ascii start value (1 byte) (d) ascii end value (1 byte) 2. character table (3 bytes for every character between the a scii start and end values inclusive) (a) high offset msb (1 byte) (b) low offset lsb(1 byte) (c) character width (1 byte) 3. bitmap data 5.1.2 creating a font the following is an example of how to create a font ?le for the l etters h , i and j . first you must create the bitmaps containing the character d ata in bitmap form. figure 19 below illus- trates the bit pattern for the h , i and j bitmap data. figure 19: bitmaps for h, i, and j second you may begin to create the font ?le starting with the h eader. the header will contain the nominal width, the height and the ascii start and end values inclusiv e that you wish to create characters for. table 8: font file header nominal width height ascii start val ascii end val 0x05 0x07 0x68 0x6a next we will have to ?nd out how many bytes each character will use up, in order to create the character table. the bitmaps are encoded horizontally and may have var iable widths, h has a width of ?ve, i a width of three and j a width of four, see the ?gure below for an example of encoding the ?rst letter h: matrix orbital glc24064 18
bitmap data byte hex value 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 10000100 0x84 1 0 1 1 0 00101101 0x2d 1 1 0 0 1 10011000 0x98 1 0 0 0 1 11000110 0xc6 1 0 0 0 1 00100000 0x20 1 0 0 0 1 figure 20: bitmap encoding as you can see the letter h will take up ?ve bytes with the last ?ve bits being zero padded to form a full byte. so if you continue the process you will get the characte r data as seen in table 5.1.2 . character data character data byte size ( for reference ) h 0x84 0x2d 0x98 0xc6 0x20 0x05 i 0x43 0x24 0x84 0x03 j 0x2d 0x98 0x19 0x60 0x04 the second part of the font ?le is the character table. the cha racter table is comprised of three bytes for every glyph in the font ?le. the ?rst two bytes represents the position, in bytes, of the g lyph stored msb lsb referenced from the beginning of the ?le (including the header. the third byte is the width of the glyph in pixels. so because there will be 0x09 bytes in the character table (three bytes f or each glyph) and four bytes in the header section, the ?rst entry in the table will be 13, or 0x00 0x0d in hexadecimal, and 0x05 for the width. to calculate the second entry in the character table, repres enting the position and width of the second glyph, take the offset of the ?rst entry and add the size of the ?rst bitmap in bytes. since the ?rst glyph occupies 0x05 bytes as seen in table 5.1.2 above, and the offs et is 0x00 0x0d, the offset of the second entry will be 0x00 0x12 and the width of the glyph is 0x03. calculate the third entry the same way as the second to get table 9 below. table 9: character table high offset (msb) low offset (lsb) character width h 0x00 0x0d 0x05 i 0x00 0x12 0x03 j 0x00 0x15 0x04 once completed, place the character table after the header a nd the character data aat the end, as seen in table 10 . matrix orbital glc24064 19
table 10: sample font file 0x05 0x07 0x68 0x6a 0x00 0x0d 0x05 0x00 0x12 0x03 0x00 0x15 0x04 0x84 0x2d 0x98 0xc6 0x20 0x43 0x24 0x84 0x2d 0x98 0x19 0x60 red = header blue = character table purple = character data 5.2 uploading a font file syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x24 [refid] [size] [data] decimal 254 36 [refid] [size] [data] ascii 254 $ [refid] [size] [data] parameters parameter length description refid 1 a unique font identi?cation number. size 2 font ?le size (lsb to msb). data x font ?le data. description in order to upload a font to the you must ?rst init iate the upload font ?le command (0xfe 0x24), you must then pass it a reference identi ?cation number, which must be unique for every font on the display mod ule. you may then pass the display module the two byte ?le size, whi ch needs to be transfered lsb, then msb. the last part of uploadi ng a font is transmitting the font ?le data. for detailed instructions on uploading a ?le to the see section 11 on page 36 . note this command is available but not supported in i 2 c. remembered always 5.3 setting the current font syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x31 [refid] decimal 254 49 [refid] ascii 254 1 [refid] parameters parameter length description refid 1 a unique font identi?cation number. matrix orbital glc24064 20
description in order to set the font on the you must know the fo nt identi?cation number of the font that you wish to use. the font id is establis hed when the font is saved to the display. the default installed fonts are small filled and futura bk bt 16 and their font id's are 0x01 and 0 x02 respectfully, with small filled being the default select ed font. once you are aware of the font id for the font that you wish you u se, simply send the command bytes (0xfe 0x31) and then send the fo nt id corresponding to the font. a directory listing of the conten ts of the entire ?lesystem may be obtained by using the get filesyste m directory command, see section 11.5 on page 41 for more deta iled information. remembered yes 5.4 font metrics syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x32 [lm] [tm] [csp] [lsp] [srow] decimal 254 50 [lm] [tm] [csp] [lsp] [srow] ascii 254 2 [lm] [tm] [csp] [lsp] [srow] parameters parameter length description lm 1 left margin: location in pixels. tm 1 top margin: location in pixels. csp 1 character spacing: amount of space in pixels between characters. lsp 1 line spacing: amount of space between lines in pixels. srow 1 scroll row: the y location of the last row in pixels. description font metrics de?ne where the characters are pos itioned on the screen, by setting where the rows and columns begin based on the [lm][tm][csp][lsp][srow] parameters. [lm] de?nes the lef tmost position and [tm] the topmost. [csp] controls the amount of pixels tha t are placed in between characters and [lsp] controls the amount of pixel s that are placed in between lines. [srow] is the location of the top of t he last row that will be displayed on the . it de?nes the row that, when ?ll ed, will cause the display to auto scroll if auto scrolling is enabled . the font metrics will have to be recon?gured after changing to a diffe rent font. remembered yes 5.5 set box space mode syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0xac [value] decimal 254 172 [value] matrix orbital glc24064 21
parameters parameter length description value 1 value (0: off, 1: on) description this command will toggle the box space mode. box space mode is when a box, the size of the character to be written, is printed to the display before a character is written. remembered yes default on 6 text 6.1 introduction the is an intelligent display module, designed to reduce the amount of code necessary to begin displaying data. this means that it is able to display all ascii formated characters and strings that are sent to it, which are de?ned in the current character set. the display module w ill begin displaying text at the top left corner of the display area, known as home, and continue to print to th e display as if it was a page on a typewriter. when the text reaches the bottom right row, it is able to autom atically scroll all of the lines up and continue to display text, with the auto scroll option set to on. 6.1.1 character set the graphic displays such as the , do not have built in charact er sets. instead fonts are uploaded to the display using the commands detailed in section 5 on page 17. 6.1.2 control characters in addition to a full text set, the display supports the follo wing ascii control characters: 0x0a line feed / new line - when this value is not de?ned in the font ? le. this command will create a new line on the display. if scrolling is on and the display is at th e bottom of the screen, the whole screen is scrolled up. 6.2 move cursor home syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x48 decimal 254 72 ascii 254 h description this command moves the text insertion point to t he top left of the display area (row 1, column 1). remembered no matrix orbital glc24064 22
6.3 setting the cursor position syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x47 [col] [row] decimal 254 71 [col] [row] ascii 254 g [col] [row] parameters parameter length description col 1 column row 1 row description this command sets the text insertion point to th e [col] and [row] speci?ed. the insertion point is positioned using the base s ize of the current font (this command does not position the insertion p oint at a speci?c pixel). the column used is determined by multiplyin g the width of the widest character in the font by the [column]. the row us ed is determined by multiplying the height of the font by [row + met rics: line spacing]. remembered no 6.4 setting the cursor coordinate syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x79 [x] [y] decimal 254 121 [x] [y] ascii 254 y [x] [y] parameters parameter length description x 1 the horizontal position in pixels. y 1 the vertical position in pixels. description this command positions the insertion point at a speci?c pixel (x,y), which references the top left corner of the font insertion po int. remembered no 6.5 auto scroll on syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x51 decimal 254 81 ascii 254 q description when auto scrolling is on, it causes the display to shift the entire display's contents up to make room for a new line of text when t he text reaches the end of the scroll row de?ned in the font metrics (t he bottom right character position) see section 5.4 on page 21 . remembered yes matrix orbital glc24064 23
default on 6.6 auto scroll off syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x52 decimal 254 82 ascii 254 r description when auto scrolling is disabled, text will wrap to the top left corner of the display area when the text reaches the end of the scroll ro w de?ned in the font metrics (the bottom right character position) se e section 5.4 on page 21 . existing text in the display area is not erased before new text is placed. a series of spaces followed by a cursor home command may be used to erase the top line of text. remembered yes 7 bitmaps 7.1 introduction one of the main features of the is its ability to display bitma p images, that are either loaded onto its on board memory, or written directly to the screen. this chapte r will cover creating a bitmap, uploading the bitmap, as well as drawing the bitmap from memory and directl y. 7.2 uploading a bitmap file syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x5e [refid] [size] [data] decimal 254 94 [refid] [size] [data] ascii 254 ^ [refid] [size] [data] parameters parameter length description refid 1 a unique bitmap identi?cation number. size 2 bitmap ?le size (lsb to msb). data x bitmap data. matrix orbital glc24064 24
description the is capable of storing 128 font and bitmap ?le s up to 16 kbytes total. in order to upload a bitmap to the you must ?rst initiate the up load font ?le command (0xfe 0x5e), you must then pass it a reference identi?cation number, which must be unique for every font on the display module. you may then pass the display module the two b yte ?le system size, which needs to be transfered lsb, then msb. this is almost always the entire 16kb, meaning the values 0x00 0x40 0 x00 0x00 must be issued. the last part of uploading a bitmap is tra nsmitting the bitmap ?le data. for detailed instructions on uploading a ?le to the see section 11 on page 36 . note this command is available but not not supported in i 2 c. remembered always 7.3 drawing a bitmap from memory syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x62 [refid] [x] [y] decimal 254 98 [refid] [x] [y] ascii 254 b [refid] [x] [y] parameters parameter length description refid 1 the bitmap identi?cation number. x 1 left bounds. y 1 top bounds. description this command will draw a bitmap that is located i n the on board memory. the bitmap is referenced by the bitmaps reference identi?cation number, which is established when the bitmap is uploaded to the display module. the bitmap will be drawn beginning at t he top left, from the speci?ed x,y coordinates. a directory listin g of the contents of the entire ?lesystem may be obtained by using the get filesystem directory command, see section 11.5 on page 41 f or more detailed information. remembered no 7.4 drawing a bitmap directly syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x64 [x] [y] [w] [h] [d] decimal 254 100 [x] [y] [w] [h] [d] ascii 254 d [x] [y] [w] [h] [d] matrix orbital glc24064 25
parameters parameter length description x 1 left bounds. y 1 top bounds. w 1 width h 1 height d (width*height)/8data description drawing a bitmap to the , without ?rst uploading the image to the memory can be a very useful feature for drawing images that ar e not used very often. in order to accomplish this, you must supply the display module with the x,y coordinates, representing the t op left corner of where you would like to draw the bitmap on the screen , as well as the width and the height of the bitmap. after you have s upplied this data you may then upload the bitmap data to the . the lengt h of this ?le is the bitmap width multiplied by height, divided by eigh t. the bitmap data is encoded into bytes horizontally and is transf ered the same as if you were uploading a ?le, see section 11 on page 36 for more information about transferring data to the display mod ule. note drawing a bitmap directly to the display is supported by ?ow c ontrol. this command is available but not support in i 2 c mode. remembered no 8 bar graphs and drawing 8.1 introduction supplementary to the ability of the to display bitmaps and fo nts, the also allows for a robust 2d drawing environment. with the ability to draw by pixel, line or recta ngle, as well as the ability to continue a line to form a polygon, we are certain that you will spend less time, d eveloping and creating better looking projects. with the addition of custom bar and strip graphs, you are sure to ?nd the right tools to make any graphical layout a success. 8.2 set drawing color syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x63 [color] decimal 254 99 [color] ascii 254 c [color] parameters parameter length description color 1 drawing color (0: white, 1-255: black). matrix orbital glc24064 26
description this command sets the drawing color for subsequ ent graphic commands that do not have the drawing color passed as a parameter. the p arameter [color] is the value of the color where white is 0 and black is 1 -255. remembered no 8.3 draw pixel syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x70 [x] [y] decimal 254 112 [x] [y] ascii 254 p [x] [y] parameters parameter length description x 1 x screen location. y 1 y screen location. description this command will draw a pixel at (x,y) using the current drawing color. the unit processes these requests fast enough to keep up with a steady stream at 115 kbps so ?ow control is not required. remembered no 8.4 drawing a line syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x6c [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] decimal 254 108 [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] ascii 254 l [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] parameters parameter length description x1 1 left bounds. y1 1 top bounds. x2 1 right bounds. y2 1 bottom bounds. description this command will draw a line from (x1,y1) to (x2 ,y2) using the current drawing color. lines may be drawn from any part of the display to any other part. however, it may be important to note that the line may interpolate differently right to left, or left to right. thi s means that a line drawn in white from right to left may not fully erase the same l ine drawn in black from left to right. remembered no 8.5 continue a line matrix orbital glc24064 27
syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x65 [x] [y] decimal 254 101 [x] [y] ascii 254 e [x] [y] parameters parameter length description x 1 left bounds. y 1 top bounds. description this command will draw a line with the current dr awing color from the last line end (x2,y2) to (x,y). this command uses the global d rawing color. remembered no 8.6 draw a rectangle syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x72 [color] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] decimal 254 114 [color] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] ascii 254 r [color] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] parameters parameter length description color 1 drawing color (0: white, 1-255: black). x1 1 left bounds. y1 1 top bounds. x2 1 right bounds. y2 1 bottom bounds. description this command draws a rectangular box in the spec i?ed color (0: white, 1: black). the top left corner is speci?ed by (x1,y1) and the b ottom right corner by (x2,y2). remembered no 8.7 drawing a solid rectangle syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x78 [color] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] decimal 254 120 [color] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] ascii 254 x [color] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] parameters parameter length description color 1 drawing color (0: white, 1-255: black). x1 1 left bounds. y1 1 top bounds. x2 1 right bounds. y2 1 bottom bounds. matrix orbital glc24064 28
description this command draws a solid rectangle in the spec i?ed color (0: white, 1: black). the top left corner is speci?ed by (x1,y1) and the b ottom right corner by (x2,y2). since this command involves consid erable processing overhead, we strongly recommend the use of ?ow co ntrol, particularly if the command is to be repeated frequently. remembered no 8.8 initializing a bar graph syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x67 [refid] [type] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] decimal 254 103 [refid] [type] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] ascii 254 g [refid] [type] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] parameters parameter length description refid 1 reference number type 1 type of bar graph. x1 1 left bounds. y1 1 top bounds. x2 1 right bounds. y2 1 bottom bounds. description this command initializes a bar graph referred t o by number [reference number] of type [type] with size from (x1,y1) (top left) to (x 2,y2) (bottom right). a maximum of 16 bar graphs with reference num bers from 0 to 15 can be initialized as: [type] direction bar start point 0 vertical bottom 1 horizontal left 2 vertical top 3 horizontal right the bar graphs may be located anywhere on the display, but if they overlap, they will not display properly. it is important that [x1] is less than [x2], and [y1] is less th an [y2]. this command doesn't actually draw the graph, it must be ?lled in u sing the fill bar graph command. the unit saves time by only drawing th at part of the bar graph which has changed from the last write, so the r epresen- tation on the screen may not survive a screen clear or other co rrupting action. a write of value zero, followed by new values will res tore the proper look of the bar graph. remembered no 8.9 drawing a bar graph matrix orbital glc24064 29
syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x69 [ref] [value] decimal 254 105 [ref] [value] ascii 254 i [ref] [value] parameters parameter length description ref 1 initialized bar graph reference number. value 1 the number of pixels to ?ll. description once the bar graph has been initialized it can be ?lled in using this command. this command sets the bar graph speci?ed by the [ref ] number to ?ll in [value]. [value] is given in pixels and shoul d not exceed the available height/width of the graph. (if it does t he graph will simply be written to its maximum size.) remembered no 8.10 initializing a strip chart syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x6a [refid] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] decimal 254 106 [refid] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] ascii 254 j [refid] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] parameters parameter length description refid 1 reference number x1 1 left bounds. y1 1 top bounds. x2 1 right bounds. y2 1 bottom bounds. matrix orbital glc24064 30
description a strip chart is an area of the screen reserved fo r horizontal scrolling. this is normally used as follows: ? initialize the strip chart, which reserves the appropriate area of the screen. ? draw a line segment at the right or left side of the strip chart . ? shift the strip chart to the right or left. ? draw the next line segment. ? used this way the strip chart can produce a graph which scroll s smoothly horizontally in either direction. with text the st rip chart can produce a marquis effect. note if the strip chart is used with text we recommend the use of a 6 o r 7 pixel wide ?xed width character set, with each character placed 8 pixel s from the start of the previous one. up to 7 strip charts ([ref] = 0 - 6) may be de?ned. to initialize a strip chart the user must de?ne an area on the display in which to pla ce the strip chart.(x1,y1) is the top left corner of the area to be us ed, where [x1] is the placement of the column where the strip chart is to begin and [y1] is the row. the user must then de?ne [x2] as the bottom rig ht column of the area to be utilized and [y2] as the bottom right r ow. note the de?nition of x must lie on byte boundaries. that is, x must be de?ned as 0x00, 0x08, 0x10, etc. this restriction does not apply to y va lues. remembered no 8.11 shifting a strip chart syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x6b [ref] decimal 254 107 [ref] ascii 254 k [ref] parameters parameter length description ref 1 reference number of a strip chart that has already been created. matrix orbital glc24064 31
description this command shifts the strip chart left or righ t. [ref] determines both which strip chart is used and which direction it will shift. t he direction is selected by the most signi?cant bit (msb): ? msb: 0 shifts left ? msb: 1 shifts right for example if [ref] is 1: ? 254 107 1 (hex fe 6b 01) shifts left ? 254 107 129 (hex fe 6b 81) shifts right this command shifts the contents of the area de?ned in the ini tialize strip chart command 8 pixels at a time. remembered no 9 general purpose output 9.1 introduction general purpose outputs allow you to connect devices, such a s leds, to the and supply them with up to 20ma of current at 5v. the has 1 gpo which are software control led, with functions to turn it on/off and set the power state for the next startup. 9.2 general purpose output off syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x56 [num] decimal 254 86 [num] ascii 254 v [num] parameters parameter length description num 1 gpo number. description this command turns off general purpose output [ num]. note off means that the output is pulled high. remembered yes 9.3 general purpose output on matrix orbital glc24064 32
syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x57 [num] decimal 254 87 [num] ascii 254 w [num] parameters parameter length description num 1 gpo number. description this command turns on general purpose output [n um]. the standard gpo's on the output 20ma of current at 5v. note on means the output is pulled low. remembered yes 9.4 set startup gpo state syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0xc3 [num] [state] decimal 254 195 [num] [state] parameters parameter length description num 1 gpo number. state 1 startup state (0: off, 1: on) description this command will set the startup state for the g po on the next power up. a value of one will cause the gpo to be off on the next startu p while a value of one will cause the gpo to be on. note this command does not affect the current state of the gpo. remembered always 10 display functions 10.1 introduction the employs software controlled display settings, which al low for control over, clearing the screen, changing the brightness and contrast or setting timers for t urning it on or off. the combination of these allow you complete software control over your display's app earance. 10.2 clear screen matrix orbital glc24064 33
syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x58 decimal 254 88 ascii 254 x description this command clears the display and resets the t ext insertion position to the top left position of the screen de?ned in the font metrics . remembered no 10.3 display on syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x42 [min] decimal 254 66 [min] ascii 254 b [min] parameters parameter length description min 1 minutes before turning the display on (0 to 90). description this command turns the backlight on after the [m inutes] timer has expired, with a ninety minute maximum timer. a time of 0 speci ?es that the backlight should turn on immediately and stay on. when th is command is sent while the remember function is on, the timer w ill reset and begin after power up. remembered yes default 0 10.4 display off syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x46 decimal 254 70 ascii 254 f description this command turns the backlight off immediate ly. the backlight will remain off until a 'display on' command has been received. remembered yes 10.5 set brightness syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x99 [brightness] decimal 254 153 [brightness] parameters parameter length description brightness 1 display brightness setting (0 to 255). matrix orbital glc24064 34
description this command sets the display [brightness]. if the remember function is on, this command acts the same as 'set and save brightness'. remembered yes default 255 10.6 set and save brightness syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x98 [brightness] decimal 254 152 [brightness] parameters parameter length description brightness 1 backlight setting (0 to 255). description this command sets and saves the display [bright ness] as default. remembered always 10.7 set contrast syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x50 [contrast] decimal 254 80 [contrast] ascii 254 p [contrast] parameters parameter length description contrast 1 contrast value (0 to 255). description this command sets the display's contrast to [co ntrast], where [contrast] is a value between 0x00 and 0xff (between 0 to 255). lower valu es cause `on' elements in the display area to appear lighter, wh ile higher values cause `on' elements to appear darker. lighting and te mperature conditions will affect the actual value used for optimal vie wing. individual display modules will also differ slightly from e ach other in appearance. in addition, values for optimal viewing while t he display backlight is on may differ from values used when backlight is off. this command does not save the [contrast] value, and is lost a fter power down; but this command has the option of remembering the sett ings when issued with the remember function `on' . when this is the case, this command is the same as the set and save contrast command. note this command has only 32 levels for x-board based displays, m eaning eight contrast settings will have the same single effect. efectiv ely, values 0 through 7, 8 through 15, and so on will result in the same setting. remembered yes default 128 matrix orbital glc24064 35
10.8 set and save contrast syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x91 [contrast] decimal 254 145 [contrast] parameters parameter length description contrast 1 contrast value (0 to 255). description this command sets the display's contrast to [co ntrast], where [contrast] is a value between 0x00 and 0xff (between 0 to 255). lower valu es cause `on' elements in the display area to appear lighter, wh ile higher values cause `on' elements to appear darker. lighting condi tions will affect the actual value used for optimal viewing. individua l display modules will also differ slightly from each other in appeara nce. in addition, values for optimal viewing while the display back light is on may differ from values used when backlight is off. note this command saves the [contrast] value so that it is not lost after power down. remembered yes default 128 11 filesystem 11.1 introduction the incorporates a 16 kbyte on board ?ash memory in order to al low up to 128 font and bitmap ?les to be transfered directly onto the display and recalled when ever necessary. the ?lesystem can address font and bitmap ?les combined up to 16 kbytes. it is recommended th at fonts and bitmaps are uploaded when possible all together after a ?lesystem wipe ro preserve mem ory integrity. these fonts and bitmaps can then be locked to ensure they remain intact. this section covers u ploading, downloading, deleting and moving ?les, as well as getting the remaining space or wiping the ?le system. 11.1.1 file upload protocol in order to allow fonts and bitmaps to be uploaded to the on boa rd ?ash memory matrix orbital has developed a simple protocol that supports rs-232/ttl or i 2 c communications. in order to begin a ?le transmission the ?rst step will be to provide the display mod ule with the appropriate command bytes, mean- ing the command pre?x, 0xfe, followed by the command number, 0x24 for a font ?le, or 0x5e for a bitmap ?le. this will begin the ?le transfer sequence. the next step will be to request a reference identi?cation number (ref id) which will allow you to identify the ?le for fu ture use. reference id numbers can be any byte between 0x00 and 0x7f, however each id must be unique. the next part of uploading a font ?le is to provide the display module with the two byte ?le size of the matrix orbital glc24064 36
host display comments 0xfe command pre?x 0x24 upload font file command 0x01 reference id 0x19 size (lsb) 0x00 size (msb) 0x01 con?rmation byte 0x01 con?mation byte 0x05 font width 0x05 echo font width 0x01 con?mation byte 0x07 font height 0x07 echo font height 0x01 con?mation byte 0x49 font ascii start value 0x49 echo font ascii start value 0x01 con?mation byte ... ... ... 0x60 last font file byte 0x60 echo last font file byte 0x01 con?rm upload finished table 43: upload protocol data that you wish to transfer, lsb to msb. the lsb must be tran smitted ?rst followed by the msb. after receiving the msb the display module will send a con?rm byte, 0x01, if the ?le ?ts and continue, or decline byte, 0x08, and terminate the session. byte description 0x01 con?rm: will continue the ?le transfer. 0x08 decline: terminate the session. the last part of uploading a font ?le is to upload the ?le data. after transmitting each byte of the ?le the module will echo the byte and wait for a con?rmation byte of 0x 01 until the ?le has completed uploading. below is an example of uploading the font ?le which we created in section 5.1.2 on page 18 . at times that the display or the host sees anything else other than 0x01 for con?rmation (usually a 0x08) the upload is aborted. matrix orbital glc24064 37
notes ? the has watch dog timer, set to 2.1 seconds in between transmi ssions, in order pre- vent the display module from staying in a waiting state. ? once the timeout has been reached the timer will reset the dis play and issue a 0xfe 0xd4 response to the host to signal that this has happened. 11.1.2 xmodem upload protocol in addition to its original simple upload format, matrix orb ital has added an xmodem based protocol. this facilitates much faster download speeds by increasing the packet size from 1 byte to 128 bytes greatly increasing throughput. a two byte crc check is preformed at t he end of each packet in place of the byte echo system seen in the original protocol. however, the over all protocol remains much the same as the original, but much faster. to begin the upload, a series of command bytes are sent, much l ike the original protocol. however, no distinction is made between bitmap and font as the xmodem pro tocol is used to upload bin or ebin ?les that contain all the bitmaps and fonts required for the unit. once the command bytes are sent, the size of the ?le is sent in two bytes, least signifcant byte ?rst. then two add itional bytes are sent of the value zero. at this point the display will respond with an ack if the ?le ?t s, or a nak otherwise. please note that these values are different than those of the orignal protoco l as seen in the table below. if a nak is seen at any point by the host, the upload is to be aborted in the same fa shion as the regular protocol. if the ?le will ?t, the start of header byte will be sent by the h ost, follwed by a block count representing the number of 128 byte blocks remaing to upload in regular and inverted forms. the display will then check to make sure the block count value matches its own before acki ng. the host can then send a 128 byte block of data followed by that blocks high and low crc16 bytes . the display then preforms a crc check on the data receive and acks if it matches that which was sent. transfer continues with a block count and continues in this way until the end of ?le is reached. once the end of the upload ?le is reached, the host should tran smit a single end of transmission byte. if the end of ?le is expected, the display will ack one last time. this eot byte along with the other special characters mentioned above is listed in the table below. character byte description ack 0x06 acknowledged; successful data transmission nak 0x21 not acknowledged; transmission unsuccessful, abort uploa d soh 0x01 start of header; begin upload process eot 0x04 end of transmission; ?le upload complete below is an example of uploading a bin or ebin ?le using the xmo dem protocol. 11.2 wipe filesystem matrix orbital glc24064 38
host display comments 0xfe command pre?x 0xdb xmodem upload command 0x85 command byte 1 0x06 command byte 2 0x30 command byte 3 0x00 size low byte 0x40 size high byte 0x00 0 0x00 0 0x06 ack (nak if ?le is too big) 0x01 start of header 0x80 block count 0x7f 255 - block count 0x06 ack (nak if counts don't match) <128 bytes> data block 0x1e crc high byte 0x47 crc low byte 0x06 ack (nak if crcs don't match) 0x7f block count 0x80 255 - block count 0x06 ack (nakif counts don't match) <128 bytes> data block 0x5a crc high byte 0x0d crc low byte 0x06 ack (nakif crcs don't match) ... ... ... 0x04 end of transmission 0x06 ack (nak if eot is not expected) table 44: xmodem upload protocol matrix orbital glc24064 39
syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x21 0x59 0x21 decimal 254 33 89 33 ascii 254 ! y ! description this command completely erases the display's n on-volatile memory. it removes all fonts, font metrics, bitmaps, and settings (cur rent font, cursor position, communication speed, etc.). it is an odd command in that it is three bytes in length in order to prevent accidenta l execution. note after deleting the ?le system it is important to cycle power t o your display to ensure the removal process is completed. remembered yes 11.3 deleting a file syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0xad [type] [refid] decimal 254 173 [type] [refid] parameters parameter length description type 1 type of ?le (0:font, 1:bitmap) refid 1 reference id of the ?le to delete. description this command erases a single ?le at a time within the memory when given two parameters: [type] and [refid]. the ?le type and re ference number are de?ned when the ?le is saved to the . ? [type] = 1: bitmap ? [type] = 0: font note after deleting a ?le it is important to cycle power to your dis play to ensure ?le system integrity. remembered yes 11.4 get filesystem space syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0xaf decimal 254 175 description this command will return 4 bytes, lsb to msb for h ow many bytes are remaining in the 16 kb on board memory. remembered no matrix orbital glc24064 40
11.5 get filesystem directory syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0xb3 decimal 254 179 description this command will return a directory of the cont ents of the ?le system. the ?rst byte returned will be a hex value representing the nu mber of entries in the ?lesystem, followed by four bytes for each ent ry. see the following tables: filesystem header bytes description 1 hex value representing the number of entries in the ?lesystem file entry bytes description 1 flag: hex value of 0x00 indicates that this ?le entry has not been used. 1 fileid/type: 1st bit is the ?le type (0: font, 1: bitmap). next 7 bits are the ?le id. 1 file size: lsb 1 file size: msb remembered no 11.6 filesystem upload syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0xb0 [size] [data] decimal 254 176 [size] [data] parameters parameter length description size 4 lsb to msb ?lesystem image data data var actual data to upload description this command will upload a ?lesystem image, lsb to msb to the display (16kb). the size used is almost always the entire 16k b, meaning the values 0x00 0x40 0x00 0x00 must be issued. afterw hich the ?lesystem data can be uploaded lsb to msb in the same manne r as a font or bitmap ?le. remembered always 11.7 downloading a file matrix orbital glc24064 41
syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0xb2 [type] [refid] decimal 254 178 [type] [refid] parameters parameter length description type 1 file type (0:font file, 1:bitmap) refid 1 reference id number description download a speci?ed ?le from the ?lesystem. the ?rst 4 bytes will be the length of the ?le (lsb to msb) followed by 2 bytes represen ting the width and height of the image then the data contained in the ?l e. remembered no 11.8 moving a file syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0xb4 [oldt] [oldid] [newt] [newid] decimal 254 180 [oldt] [oldid] [newt] [newid] parameters parameter length description oldt 1 old ?le type oldid 1 old ?le id newt 1 new ?le type newid 1 new ?le id description this command can be used to move a ?le to a new ?le i d, or correct the type of a ?le that was uploaded incorrectly. the command ?rst checks to see if there is a ?le identi?ed by [oldt] and [oldid]. if it d oes exist, and there is no ?le already with the desired type and id, the id and type of the old ?le will be changed to [newt] and [newid] respectiv ely. remembered always 12 data security 12.1 introduction ensuring that your display's exactly what you want it to can b e the difference between a projects success and failure. this is why we incorporate features such as data lock into the with this new feature you now are in control over of how and when settings will be changed so there is no need to worry about the module acting exactly like you expected it to because all the settin gs may be locked and remembered for the next power up. matrix orbital glc24064 42
12.2 set remember syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x93 [switch] decimal 254 147 [switch] parameters parameter length description switch 1 0: do not remember, 1: remember description this command allows you to switch the remember f unction on and off. to use the remember function, set remember to on, then set all of the settings that you wish to save, settings that are listed as 'r emember: yes' support being saved into the non-volatile memory. afte r you have set all of the commands that you wish to save, you may then cycl e the power and check the display settings to ensure that all the se ttings have been saved. if you wish to use remember again after cycling th e power, you must set it to on again. notes ? writing to non-volatile memory is time consuming and slows d own the operation of the display. ? non-volatile memory has a `write limit' and may only be chang ed approximately 100,000 times. remembered no default do not remember 12.3 data lock syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0xca 0xf5 0xa0 [level] decimal 254 202 245 160 [level] parameters parameter length description level 1 sets the data lock level matrix orbital glc24064 43
description paranoia allows you to lock the module from displaying infor mation, as well as enables the protection of the ?lesystem and module se ttings. each bit corresponds corresponds to a different lock level, while sending a zero will unlock your display as the following tabl es explains: bit data lock level description 0-2 reserved should be left 0 3 communication speed lock when this bit is set (1) the baud rate and i 2 c slave address are locked 4 setting lock when this bit is set (1) the display settings such as backlight, contrast and gpo settings are locked. (internal eeprom) 5 filesystem lock when this bit is set (1) the external eeprom is locked, this has the same effect as the file system jumper 6 command lock when this bit is set (1) all commands but commands 202/203 are locked. (cmd lock) 7 display lock when this bit is set (1) the module is locked from dis- playing any new informa- tion. (text lock) notes ? sending a new data lock level will override the previous data lock level. ? data lock levels may be combined. remembered always default 0 examples hex dec binary description 0x00 0 0 unlock 0x50 80 01010000 setting and command lock matrix orbital glc24064 44
12.4 set and save data lock syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0xcb 0xf5 0xa0 [level] decimal 254 203 245 160 [level] parameters parameter length description level 1 sets the data lock level description this command will set and save the data lock leve l. see the data lock section for more information. remembered always default 0 12.5 dump the filesystem syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x30 decimal 254 48 ascii 254 0 description this will allow you to dump the ?lesystem for deb ugging purposes. it will return a 4 byte value lsb to msb followed by 16384 bytes ma king up the ?le system. remembered no 12.6 write customer data syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x34 [data] decimal 254 52 [data] ascii 254 4 [data] parameters parameter length description data 16 writes the customer data description writes the customer data. 16 bytes of data can be saved in non-volatile memory. remembered no 12.7 read customer data syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x35 decimal 254 53 ascii 254 5 matrix orbital glc24064 45
description reads whatever was written by write customer da ta. remembered no 13 miscellaneous 13.1 introduction this chapter covers the 'report version number' and 'read mo dule type' commands. these commands can be particularly useful to ?nd out more information about the display module before contacting technical support. 13.2 read version number syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x36 decimal 254 54 ascii 254 6 description this command will return a byte representing th e version of the module, see the following table as an example: hex value version number 0x19 version 1.9 0x57 version 5.7 remembered no 13.3 read module type syntax hexadecimal 0xfe 0x37 decimal 254 55 ascii 254 7 matrix orbital glc24064 46
description this command will return a hex value correspond ing to the the model number of the module see the following table: hex product id hex product id 1 lcd0821 2 lcd2021 5 lcd2041 6 lcd4021 7 lcd4041 8 lk202-25 9 lk204-25 a lk404-55 b vfd2021 c vfd2041 d vfd4021 e vk202-25 f vk204-25 10 glc12232 13 glc24064 14 unused 15 glk24064-25 16 unused 21 unused 22 glk12232-25 23 unused 24 glk12232-25-sm 25 glk24064-16-1u-usb 26 glk24064-16-1u 27 glk19264-7t-1u-usb 28 glk12232-16 29 glk12232-16-sm 2a glk19264-7t-1u 2b lk204-7t-1u 2c lk204-7t-1u-usb 31 lk404-at 32 mos-av-162a 33 lk402-12 34 lk162-12 35 lk204-25pc 36 lk202-24-usb 37 vk202-24-usb 38 lk204-24-usb 39 vk204-24-usb 3a pk162-12 3b vk162-12 3c mos-ap-162a 3d pk202-25 3e mos-al-162a 3f mos-al-202a 40 mos-av-202a 41 mos-ap-202a 42 pk202-24-usb 43 mos-al-082 44 mos-al-204 45 mos-av-204 46 mos-al-402 47 mos-av-402 48 lk082-12 49 vk402-12 4a vk404-55 4b lk402-25 4c vk402-25 4d pk204-25 4e unused 4f mos 50 moi 51 xboard-s 52 xboard-i 53 mou 54 xboard-u 55 lk202-25-usb 56 vk202-25-usb 57 lk204-25-usb 58 vk204-25-usb 5b lk162-12-tc 5c unused 71 unused 72 glk240128-25 73 lk404-25 74 vk404-25 77 unused 78 glt320240 79 glt480282 7a glt240128 remembered no matrix orbital glc24064 47
14 command summary 14.1 communications description syntax page turn flow control on hexadecimal 0xfe 0x3a [full] [empty] decimal 254 58 [full] [empty] ascii 254 : [full] [empty] 13 turn flow control off hexadecimal 0xfe 0x3b decimal 254 59 ascii 254 ; 14 changing the i 2 c slave address hexadecimal 0xfe 0x33 [adr] decimal 254 51 [adr] ascii 254 3 [adr] 14 changing the baud rate hexadecimal 0xfe 0x39 [speed] decimal 254 57 [speed] ascii 254 9 [speed] 15 setting a non-standard baud rate hexadecimal 0xfe 0xa4 [speed] decimal 254 164 [speed] 16 14.2 fonts description syntax page uploading a font file hexadecimal 0xfe 0x24 [refid] [size] [data] decimal 254 36 [refid] [size] [data] ascii 254 $ [refid] [size] [data] 20 setting the current font hexadecimal 0xfe 0x31 [refid] decimal 254 49 [refid] ascii 254 1 [refid] 20 font metrics hexadecimal 0xfe 0x32 [lm] [tm] [csp] [lsp] [srow] decimal 254 50 [lm] [tm] [csp] [lsp] [srow] ascii 254 2 [lm] [tm] [csp] [lsp] [srow] 21 set box space mode hexadecimal 0xfe 0xac [value] decimal 254 172 [value] 21 14.3 text description syntax page move cursor home hexadecimal 0xfe 0x48 decimal 254 72 ascii 254 h 22 matrix orbital glc24064 48
description syntax page setting the cursor position hexadecimal 0xfe 0x47 [col] [row] decimal 254 71 [col] [row] ascii 254 g [col] [row] 23 setting the cursor coordinate hexadecimal 0xfe 0x79 [x] [y] decimal 254 121 [x] [y] ascii 254 y [x] [y] 23 auto scroll on hexadecimal 0xfe 0x51 decimal 254 81 ascii 254 q 23 auto scroll off hexadecimal 0xfe 0x52 decimal 254 82 ascii 254 r 24 14.4 bitmaps description syntax page uploading a bitmap file hexadecimal 0xfe 0x5e [refid] [size] [data] decimal 254 94 [refid] [size] [data] ascii 254 ^ [refid] [size] [data] 24 drawing a bitmap from memory hexadecimal 0xfe 0x62 [refid] [x] [y] decimal 254 98 [refid] [x] [y] ascii 254 b [refid] [x] [y] 25 drawing a bitmap directly hexadecimal 0xfe 0x64 [x] [y] [w] [h] [d] decimal 254 100 [x] [y] [w] [h] [d] ascii 254 d [x] [y] [w] [h] [d] 25 14.5 bar graphs and drawing description syntax page set drawing color hexadecimal 0xfe 0x63 [color] decimal 254 99 [color] ascii 254 c [color] 26 draw pixel hexadecimal 0xfe 0x70 [x] [y] decimal 254 112 [x] [y] ascii 254 p [x] [y] 27 drawing a line hexadecimal 0xfe 0x6c [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] decimal 254 108 [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] ascii 254 l [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] 27 continue a line hexadecimal 0xfe 0x65 [x] [y] decimal 254 101 [x] [y] ascii 254 e [x] [y] 27 matrix orbital glc24064 49
description syntax page draw a rectangle hexadecimal 0xfe 0x72 [color] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] decimal 254 114 [color] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] ascii 254 r [color] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] 28 drawing a solid rectangle hexadecimal 0xfe 0x78 [color] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] decimal 254 120 [color] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] ascii 254 x [color] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] 28 initializing a bar graph hexadecimal 0xfe 0x67 [refid] [type] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] decimal 254 103 [refid] [type] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] ascii 254 g [refid] [type] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] 29 drawing a bar graph hexadecimal 0xfe 0x69 [ref] [value] decimal 254 105 [ref] [value] ascii 254 i [ref] [value] 29 initializing a strip chart hexadecimal 0xfe 0x6a [refid] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] decimal 254 106 [refid] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] ascii 254 j [refid] [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] 30 shifting a strip chart hexadecimal 0xfe 0x6b [ref] decimal 254 107 [ref] ascii 254 k [ref] 31 14.6 general purpose output description syntax page general purpose output off hexadecimal 0xfe 0x56 [num] decimal 254 86 [num] ascii 254 v [num] 32 general purpose output on hexadecimal 0xfe 0x57 [num] decimal 254 87 [num] ascii 254 w [num] 32 set startup gpo state hexadecimal 0xfe 0xc3 [num] [state] decimal 254 195 [num] [state] 33 14.7 display functions description syntax page clear screen hexadecimal 0xfe 0x58 decimal 254 88 ascii 254 x 33 display on hexadecimal 0xfe 0x42 [min] decimal 254 66 [min] ascii 254 b [min] 34 display off hexadecimal 0xfe 0x46 decimal 254 70 ascii 254 f 34 matrix orbital glc24064 50
description syntax page set brightness hexadecimal 0xfe 0x99 [brightness] decimal 254 153 [brightness] 34 set and save brightness hexadecimal 0xfe 0x98 [brightness] decimal 254 152 [brightness] 35 set contrast hexadecimal 0xfe 0x50 [contrast] decimal 254 80 [contrast] ascii 254 p [contrast] 35 set and save contrast hexadecimal 0xfe 0x91 [contrast] decimal 254 145 [contrast] 36 14.8 filesystem description syntax page wipe filesystem hexadecimal 0xfe 0x21 0x59 0x21 decimal 254 33 89 33 ascii 254 ! y ! 38 deleting a file hexadecimal 0xfe 0xad [type] [refid] decimal 254 173 [type] [refid] 40 get filesystem space hexadecimal 0xfe 0xaf decimal 254 175 40 get filesystem directory hexadecimal 0xfe 0xb3 decimal 254 179 41 filesystem upload hexadecimal 0xfe 0xb0 [size] [data] decimal 254 176 [size] [data] 41 downloading a file hexadecimal 0xfe 0xb2 [type] [refid] decimal 254 178 [type] [refid] 41 moving a file hexadecimal 0xfe 0xb4 [oldt] [oldid] [newt] [newid] decimal 254 180 [oldt] [oldid] [newt] [newid] 42 14.9 data security description syntax page set remember hexadecimal 0xfe 0x93 [switch] decimal 254 147 [switch] 43 data lock hexadecimal 0xfe 0xca 0xf5 0xa0 [level] decimal 254 202 245 160 [level] 43 set and save data lock hexadecimal 0xfe 0xcb 0xf5 0xa0 [level] decimal 254 203 245 160 [level] 45 dump the filesystem hexadecimal 0xfe 0x30 decimal 254 48 ascii 254 0 45 matrix orbital glc24064 51
description syntax page write customer data hexadecimal 0xfe 0x34 [data] decimal 254 52 [data] ascii 254 4 [data] 45 read customer data hexadecimal 0xfe 0x35 decimal 254 53 ascii 254 5 45 14.10 miscellaneous description syntax page read version number hexadecimal 0xfe 0x36 decimal 254 54 ascii 254 6 46 read module type hexadecimal 0xfe 0x37 decimal 254 55 ascii 254 7 46 14.11 command by number command description page hex dec ascii 0x21 33 ! wipe filesystem 38 0x24 36 $ uploading a font file 20 0x30 48 0 dump the filesystem 45 0x31 49 1 setting the current font 20 0x32 50 2 font metrics 21 0x33 51 3 changing the i 2 c slave address 14 0x34 52 4 write customer data 45 0x35 53 5 read customer data 45 0x36 54 6 read version number 46 0x37 55 7 read module type 46 0x39 57 9 changing the baud rate 15 0x3a 58 : turn flow control on 13 0x3b 59 ; turn flow control off 14 0x42 66 b display on 34 0x46 70 f display off 34 0x47 71 g setting the cursor position 23 0x48 72 h move cursor home 22 0x50 80 p set contrast 35 0x51 81 q auto scroll on 23 0x52 82 r auto scroll off 24 0x56 86 v general purpose output off 32 matrix orbital glc24064 52
command description page hex dec ascii 0x57 87 w general purpose output on 32 0x58 88 x clear screen 33 0x5e 94 ^ uploading a bitmap file 24 0x62 98 b drawing a bitmap from memory 25 0x63 99 c set drawing color 26 0x64 100 d drawing a bitmap directly 25 0x65 101 e continue a line 27 0x67 103 g initializing a bar graph 29 0x69 105 i drawing a bar graph 29 0x6a 106 j initializing a strip chart 30 0x6b 107 k shifting a strip chart 31 0x6c 108 l drawing a line 27 0x70 112 p draw pixel 27 0x72 114 r draw a rectangle 28 0x78 120 x drawing a solid rectangle 28 0x79 121 y setting the cursor coordinate 23 0x91 145 set and save contrast 36 0x93 147 set remember 43 0x98 152 set and save brightness 35 0x99 153 set brightness 34 0xa4 164 setting a non-standard baud rate 16 0xac 172 set box space mode 21 0xad 173 deleting a file 40 0xaf 175 get filesystem space 40 0xb0 176 filesystem upload 41 0xb2 178 downloading a file 41 0xb3 179 get filesystem directory 41 0xb4 180 moving a file 42 0xc3 195 set startup gpo state 33 matrix orbital glc24064 53
15 appendix 15.1 speci?cations 15.1.1 environmental table 71: environmental speci?cations standard temperature extended temperature operating temperature 0 ? c to +50 ? c -20 ? c to +70 ? c storage temperature -20 ? c to +70 ? c -30 ? c to +80 ? c operating relative humidity 90% max non-condensing vibration (operating) 4.9 m/s 2 xyz directions vibration (non-operating) 19.6 m/s 2 xyz directions shock (operating) 29.4 m/s 2 xyz directions shock (non-operating) 490 m/s 2 xyz directions 15.1.2 electrical table 72: electrical speci?cations standard wide voltage (v) wide voltage with ef?cient switching power supply (vpt) supply voltage +5vdc 0.25v +9v to +15v +9v to +35v minimum current 45ma typical backlight on (yg) add 220ma (265ma) typical backlight on (gw & wb) add 50ma (95ma) typical gpo add up to 20ma matrix orbital glc24064 54
15.2 optical characteristics table 73: optical characteristics pixel layout 240 x 64 pixels xxy number of characters 320 (maximum 40 characters x 8 lines with 5x7 font) display area 127.16 x 33.88mm xxy dot size 0.49 x 0.49mm (xxy) dot pitch 0.53 x 0.53mm (xxy) led backlight half-life (yg) 50,000 hours typical led backlight half-life (gw & wb) 10,000 hours typical backlight yellow/green led or white led note to prolong life, it is recommended that the backlight be turn ed off when the display is not in use. 15.3 physical layout matrix orbital glc24064 55
figure 21: physical diagram matrix orbital glc24064 56
g lc 240 64 -gw -v -e 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 table 74: part numbering scheme # desription options 1 screen type g: graphic 2 display technology lc: liquid crystal display 3 width 240: pixel width count 4 height 64: pixel height count 5 colour (text/background) np: standard grey/yellow-green -gw: grey/white -wb: white/blue 6 input voltage np: standard (4.75-5.25v) -v: extended voltage (9.00-15.0v) -vpt: extended voltage with esps (9.00-35.0v) 7 temperature np: standard (0 ? c to +50 ? c) -e: extended temperature (-20 ? c to +70 ? c) table 75: part options 15.4 ordering information 15.5 de?nitions e extended temperature (-20c to 70c) vpt wide voltage with ef?cient switching power supply (+9 to +35 vdc) v wide voltage (+9 to +15vdc) gw grey text / white background wb white text / blue background msb most signi?cant byte lsb least signi?cant byte 15.6 contacting matrix orbital telephone sales: 1(403)229-2737 support: 1(403)204-3750 matrix orbital glc24064 57
table 76: revision history revision description author 3.0 initial manual matrix orbital 3.1 backlight life update clark on the web sales: http://www.matrixorbital.com support: http://www.matrixorbital.ca forums: http://www.lcdforums.com 15.7 revision history matrix orbital glc24064 58

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